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World on Edge as Putin Issues Ominous Nuclear Warning
As global tensions escalate, Russian President Vladimir Putin has issued a chilling warning to the West, declaring: “There has been no need to use [nuclear] weapons… and I hope they will not be required.” The remarks were made during a propaganda film celebrating his 25 years in power, and come as Russia’s war on Ukraine grinds through its fourth year.
Russia holds the largest stockpile of nuclear weapons in the world, with 5,449 warheads capable of launching from missiles, submarines, and aircraft. Experts have voiced deep skepticism about Putin’s intentions, noting his history of deceit and his recent absence from peace negotiations.
Putin has already placed his nuclear forces on "combat duty" and has lowered the threshold for using nuclear weapons—not just in the face of an existential threat to Russia, but also in defense of its territorial integrity.
Despite these alarming signals, the Russian leader stated: “We have enough strength and means to bring what was started in 2022 to a logical conclusion with the outcome Russia requires.”
In November, Putin signed an updated nuclear doctrine allowing the use of atomic weapons even in response to a conventional attack if backed by a nuclear power—effectively lowering the bar for nuclear deployment. This marks the first time in his presidency that Russia’s nuclear forces have been put on such high alert.
No country has used nuclear weapons since World War II, when the United States dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, killing around 200,000 people.
According to the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN), the U.S. currently holds 5,277 warheads. Combined, Russia and the U.S. possess nearly 90% of the world’s active nuclear arsenal. Other nuclear-armed nations include China, France, the United Kingdom, Pakistan, India, Israel, and North Korea.
ICAN warns that even a single nuclear warhead could cause catastrophic humanitarian and environmental damage. A detonation over a city like New York, for example, could result in an estimated 583,160 deaths. In total, the world’s nine nuclear powers hold more than 12,300 nuclear weapons—many of them far more powerful than those used in 1945.
Thirty-two additional nations contribute to the global nuclear threat by either hosting nuclear weapons or supporting their use.
Ukraine once held 1,900 strategic nuclear warheads after the Soviet Union’s collapse but surrendered them in 1994 under the Budapest Memorandum. In return, Russia and the U.S. pledged to respect Ukraine’s sovereignty—a promise Moscow has since violated.
Dr. Patricia Lewis, Director of the International Security Programme at Chatham House, explained: “If Russia were to use nuclear weapons, it’s likely they would begin with low-yield, short-range ‘battlefield’ nukes in Ukraine. Russia reportedly has more than 1,000 of these in reserve.”
However, she warned, Russian rhetoric now increasingly points to broader threats—possibly targeting NATO—with higher-yield, longer-range weapons.
No NATO member has made nuclear threats during the current conflict, though the alliance continues to rely on nuclear deterrence and recently reaffirmed its commitment to bolstering its long-term defense posture. The UK’s Labour government has also maintained its support for Britain’s nuclear deterrent.
Meanwhile, Russia’s war effort and the resulting sanctions have inflicted serious damage on its economy. According to the Stockholm Institute of Transition Economics, while the Russian economy may appear stable on the surface, deeper structural problems are worsening.
The European Union has imposed 17 rounds of sanctions since the invasion began in 2022, targeting key revenue sources like oil, gas, and coal. Other nations—including the U.S., Canada, the UK, and Japan—have also introduced severe restrictions.
Despite this, Russia claims its economy grew 4.3% in 2024, following 3.6% growth in 2023—a claim widely viewed as an attempt to downplay the sanctions’ impact.
In the midst of these growing global tensions, former U.S. President Donald Trump has advocated for a £175 billion “Golden Dome” missile defense program, aimed at being fully operational by 2029. The system would integrate land and space-based technologies to intercept missiles at every stage—from launch to impact.
The Pentagon has long warned that advanced missile systems developed by Russia and China pose new threats that current defenses may not be able to counter. Both nations have also developed offensive space capabilities, including satellites that can disrupt or destroy others—raising fears of space-based attacks.
Last year, U.S. intelligence reported that Russia was developing a space-based nuclear device capable of lingering in orbit before unleashing a blast to disable nearby satellites.
Trump, who had previously signed an executive order to pursue space-based missile interceptors during his presidency, has yet to discuss the Golden Dome directly with Putin. However, China and Russia issued a joint statement condemning the plan, calling it “deeply destabilizing” and warning it would turn outer space into “an arena for armed confrontation.”
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